Aviva Systems Biology Il- Beta

Description: Description of target: Beta agonists are medications that relax muscles of the airways, which widens the airways and results in easier breathing. They are a class of sympathomimetic agents which act upon the beta adrenoceptors. In general, pure beta-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of beta blockers. Beta adrenoreceptor agonist ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, lungs and smooth muscle tissue, with epinephrine expressing the highest affinity. ;Species reactivity: General;Application: ;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Competitive Inhibition ELISA;Sensitivity:

Component	Amount
Urine	0.3 ppb
Tissue(1)	0.1 ppb
Tissue(2)	0.3 ppb
Feed	5 ppb

Description: Description of target: ;Species reactivity: Rabbit;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 6.3 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: ;Species reactivity: Pig;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 5.6 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B-cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. ;Species reactivity: Pig;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: < 0.64 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. Exogenously applied M.tuberculosis EsxA or EsxA-EsxB (or EsxA expressed in host) binds B2M and decreases its export to the cell surface (total protein levels do not change), probably leading to defects in class I antigen presentation.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.822 ng/ml

Description: Description of target: Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system. ;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich ELISA;Sensitivity: 0.835 ng/ml

Description: Description of target: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, also known as CCL4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene. It is a CC chemokine with specificity for CCR5 receptors. It is a chemoattractant for natural killer cells, monocytes and a variety of other immune cells. CCL4 is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T cells. Performing-low memory CD8+ T cells that normally synthesize MIP-1-beta. the CCL4 gene was assigned to a slightly more distal location: 17q21-q23 rather than 17q11-q21.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 1 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, also known as CCL4, is a protein which in mouse is encoded by the CCL4 gene. It is a CC chemokine with specificity for CCR5 receptors. It is a chemoattractant for natural killer cells, monocytes and a variety of other immune cells. CCL4 is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T cells. Performing-low memory CD8+ T cells that normally synthesize MIP-1-beta. By analysis of somatic cell hybrids and by in situ hybridization, the CCL4 gene was assigned to 17q21-q23. Based on functional analysis of MIP-1β, one or more additional β chemokine receptors that transduce MIP-1β signals must also exist. MIP-1α and MIP-1β have been shown to lack affinity for the erythrocyte surface chemokine receptor/Duffy antigen that binds many α as well as β chemokines (11, 14).;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 10 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL6 gene.1 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved not only in the hepatic acute phase response but also in adipose tissue metabolism, lipoprotein lipase activity, and hepatic triglyceride secretion.2 IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a critical role in bone resorption.3 IL-6 has been suggested to stimulate the HPA axis during immune activation independent of the input of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).4 Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an immunoregulatory cytokine that activates a cell-surface signaling assembly composed of IL-6, the IL-6 alpha-receptor (IL-6Ralpha), and the shared signaling receptor gp130.5 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant rat IL-6, consisting of 188 amino acids with the molecular mass of 21.8kDa.;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 5 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin-8, also called neutrophil-activating peptide-1 or SCYB8, is a tissue-derived peptide secreted by several types of cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF/IL-8, suggested gene symbol IL8) is a cytokine that chemoattracts and activates neutrophils.1 IL-8 is produced and released from human adipose tissue and from isolated adipocytes in vitro, which may indicate that IL-8 from adipose tissue could be involved in some of the obesity-related complications.2 The MDNCF/IL-8 gene is placed on the human gene map at position 4q12-q21. This is the same location where at least three other members (platelet factor 4, melanoma growth stimulatory activity, and interferon-gamma induced factor) of the platelet factor 4 gene superfamily reside.1 Human IL-8 consists of 99 amino acids in precursor form and 79 amino acids in mature form.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin-10, also called cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor, is implicated in tumorigenesis, and it has been shown that polymorphisms in its gene promoter correlate with differential amounts of production.1 IL-10 is an important cytokine with anti-inflammatory, anti-immune, and antifibrotic functions.2 It is also an important regulatory cytokine whose involvement extends into diverse areas of the human immune system.3 IL-10 is a recently described natural endogenous immunosuppressive cytokine that has been identified in human, murine, and other organisms. IL-10 significantly affects chemokine biology, because human IL-10 inhibits chemokine production and is a specific chemotactic factor for CD8+ T cells. It suppresses the ability of CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, to migrate in response to IL-8.4 Interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms and interleukin-10 production capability may contribute to the development of skin squamous cell carcinomas after renal transplantation.1 The interleukin-10 locus contributes to the heritability of psoriasis susceptibility.5 With regard to sudden infant death, IL-10 is of special interest. This is an immunoregulatory cytokine that plays an important role in the development of infectious disease.6 The mIL-10 gene is mapped to mouse chromosome 1 and the hIL-10 gene is also mapped to human chromosome 1.7.;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 4 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin (IL)-13 is a major inducer of fibrosis in many chronic infectious and autoimmune diseases.1 Recombinant IL-13 protein inhibits inflammatory cytokine production induced by lipopolysaccharide in human peripheral blood monocytes. Moreover, it synergizes with IL-13 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis in large granular lymphocytes. Interleukin-13 may be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses.2 IL-13 and IL-4 are two cytokines produced by T helper type 2 cells, mast cells, and basophils. In addition to their physiological roles, these cytokines are also implicated in pathological conditions such as asthma and allergy.3 The genes encoding human IL-4 and IL-13 are located on segment q23-31 of chromosome 5.4 Recombinant mouse IL-13 is a mixture of Ser26-Phe131 amino acids with the molecular mass of 11.5KDa.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 2 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: IL-17 is an inflammatory cytokine produced primarily by a unique lineage of CD4 T cells that plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases. Interleukin-17 is expressed by activated T cells and is 57% identical to the 17- to 26-kD secretory glycoprotein encoded by gene 13 of the herpesvirus saimiri (HVS-13). IL17 induces nuclear factor kappa-B and the expression of IL6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor,and prostaglandin E2, as well as the maturation of CD34 positive hematopoietic precursors into neutrophils. Anti-IL17 antibodies significantly inhibited osteoclast formation induced by culture media of RA synovial tissues. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IL-17, consisting of 136 amino acids with the molecular mass of 16KDa.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: IL-17 is an inflammatory cytokine produced primarily by a unique lineage of CD4 T cells that plays critical roles in the pathogenesis of multiple autoimmune diseases. Interleukin-17 is expressed by activated T cells and is 57% identical to the 17- to 26-kD secretory glycoprotein encoded by gene 13 of the herpesvirus saimiri (HVS-13). IL17 induces nuclear factor kappa-B and the expression of IL6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor,and prostaglandin E2, as well as the maturation of CD34 positive hematopoietic precursors into neutrophils. Anti-IL17 antibodies significantly inhibited osteoclast formation induced by culture media of RA synovial tissues. The standard product used in this kit is recombinant mouse IL-17, consisting of 137 amino acids with the molecular mass of 15.5KDa.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin (IL)-18, also called Interferon-gamma-inducing factor (IGIF), augments natural killer (NK) activity in spleen cells. The gene encodes a precursor protein of 192 amino acids and a mature protein of 157 amino acids.1 IL-18 is a recently discovered cytokine that modulates both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses.2 IL-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine with potential atherogenic properties. It is highly expressed in the atherosclerotic plaques compared with control normal arteries and is localized mainly in plaque macrophages.3;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: IL-7 is a hematopoietic growth factor secreted by stromal cells in the red marrow and thymus. It is also produced by keratinocytes, dendritic cells, hepatocytes, neurons, and endothelial cells4. Interleukin 7 (IL7) is a protein5 that in humans is encoded by the IL7 gene.Knockout studies in mice suggested that this cytokine plays an essential role in lymphoid cell survival. IL-7 is a cytokine important for B and T cell development. This cytokine and the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) form a heterodimer that functions as a pre-pro-B cell growth-stimulating factor. This cytokine is found to be a cofactor for V(D)J rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta (TCRB) during early T cell development.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin 7 (IL7) is a protein that is encoded by the IL7 gene in humans. The gene for human interleukin 7 (IL7) maps to chromosome 8 by Southern analysis of a somatic cell hybrid panel and to 8q12-q13 by in situ hybridization.1IL-7 is essential for survival and expansion of pathogenic T helper type 17 (T(H)17) cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).2;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RN gene. The human IL1RN gene was localized to the long arm of chromosome 2 at band 2q14.2 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. IL-1RA is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. This protein inhibits the activities of interleukin 1, alpha (IL1A) and interleukin 1, beta (IL1B), and modulates a variety of interleukin 1 related immune and inflammatory responses.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 2 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin-27 (IL-27) is a heterodimeric cytokine belonging to the IL-12 family that is composed of two subunits; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced gene 3 (EBI3) (also known as IL-27B) and IL27-p28 (known as IL-30). IL-27 is produced by antigen-presenting cells.IL-27 plays an important function in regulating the activity of B- and T-lymphocytes. IL-27, a potent inhibitor of T(H)-17 cell development, may be a useful target for treating inflammatory diseases mediated by these cells.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 10 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin (IL)-18, also called Interferon-gamma-inducing factor (IGIF), augments natural killer (NK) activity in spleen cells. The gene encodes a precursor protein of 192 amino acids and a mature protein of 157 amino acids. IL-18 is a recently discovered cytokine that modulates both T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses. IL-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine with potential atherogenic properties. It is highly expressed in the atherosclerotic plaques compared with control normal arteries and is localized mainly in plaque macrophages. ;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin-23 subunit alpha(IL-23) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL23A gene. IL-23 is a heterodimeric cytokine consisting of two subunits, one called p40, which is shared with another cytokine, IL-12, and another called p19 (the IL-23 alpha subunit). IL-23 is an important part of the inflammatory response against infection. It promotes upregulation of the matrix metalloprotease MMP9, increases angiogenesis and reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Recently, IL-23 has been implicated in the development of cancerous tumors. The International Radiation Hybrid Mapping Consortium mapped the p19 gene to chromosome 12 (stSG47812).;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 2 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL13 gene. IL-13 is cytokine secreted by many cell types, but especially T helper type 2 (Th2) cells, that is an important mediator of allergic inflammation and disease. IL-13 induces its effects through a multi-subunit receptor that includes the alpha chain of the IL-4 receptor (IL-4Rα) and at least one of two known IL-13-specific binding chains. Most of the biological effects of IL-13, like those of IL-4, are linked to a single transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). The IL13 gene is clustered with IL3, IL5, IL4, and CSF2 on 5q. Physical maps of the 5q23-q31 region show the following order: cen--IL3--CSF2--IL13--IL4--IL5--tel, with IL13 particularly close to IL4.;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: ;Sensitivity: < 1 pg/ml

Description: Description of target: Interleukin 17D (IL-17D) is a member of the unique IL-17 family, which share a conserved cysteine motif. It is mapped to 13q12.11. IL-17D regulates cytokine production in endothelial cells and inhibits hemopoiesis in vitro. Purified recombinant IL-17D inhibited myeloid progenitor cell colony formation. IL-17D can enhance endothelial cell production of IL6, IL8, and GMCSF, but not other cytokines. And it is preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle, brain, adipose tissue, heart, lung, and pancreas.;Species reactivity: Mouse;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 10 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: Interferon lambda-1, also called Interleukin-29 (IL-29) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL29 gene. IL-29 is a member of the helical cytokine family and is a type III interferon. This gene is mapped to 19q13.2. It is a cytokine with immunomodulatory activity. This gene may play a role in antiviral immunity. It can up-regulates MHC class I antigen expression. It is the ligand for the heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor composed of IL10RB and IFNLR1. The ligand/receptor complex seems to signal through the Jak-STAT pathway. IL-29 plays an important role in host defenses against microbes and its gene is highly upregulated in cells infected with viruses.;Species reactivity: Human;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: ≤ 10 pg/mL

Description: Description of target: The gene IL-3 encodes interleukin 3, a hematopoietic colony-stimulating factor (CSF) that is capable of supporting the proliferation of a broad range of hematopoietic cell types. Interleukin-3 (IL-3), a protein of 140 amino acids, is chemically synthesized by means of an automated peptide synthesizer and is shown to have the biological activities attributed to native IL-3. The cDNA sequence for murine interleukin-3, one of the colony stimulating factors that regulate haematopoiesis, codes for a polypeptide of 166 amino acids including a putative signal peptide. The mouse IL 3 gene is located on chromosome 11. The human gene encoding IL 3 is tandemly arrayed on the long arm of chromosome 5.5 The standard product used in this kit is recombinant human IL-3, consisting of 133 amino acids with the molecular mass of 15KDa.;Species reactivity: Rat;Application: ELISA;Assay info: Assay Methodology: Quantitative Sandwich Immunoassay;Sensitivity: <= 10 pg/mL